Treatment of inflammatory disorders with 4-trifluoromethylimidazo[1,2-a]quinoxaline

ABSTRACT

A method for treating inflammatory disorders in mammals which comprises administering to said mammals having an inflammatory disorder a therapeutically effective amount of 4-trifluoromethylimidazo[1,2-a]quinoxaline.

RELATED CASES

This is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 858,511, filed Dec. 8, 1977, now abandoned which in turn is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 757,640, filed Jan. 7, 1977, now abandoned.

This invention relates to certain 4-substituted imidazo[1,2-a]quinoxalines and to processes for preparing the same. It also concerns certain 1-(2-acylaminophenyl)imidazoles which among other things are useful as intermediates in the preparation of 4-substituted imidazo[1,2-a]quinoxalines. The aforesaid compounds are useful for a variety of purposes which will be described in more detail below. Some of these are useful as immunosuppressants; whereas, others are useful as anti-inflammatory agents or display antifungal activity. Moreover, some exhibit two or all three of these activities.

The 4-substituted imidazo[1,2-a]quinoxalines encompassed in the present invention may be described by the formula: ##STR1## and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof wherein X is --R¹ or --NHR² wherein:

(1) R¹ is bonded to a ring carbon by a carbon-to-carbon linkage and is an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, substituted phenyl, fused bicyclic aryl; or monocyclic aryl-substituted aliphatic; and

(2) R² is a radical bonded to a nitrogen by a carbon to nitrogen linkage; said radical being selected from the group consisting of aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, phenyl, substituted phenyl, fused bicyclic aryl or a monocyclic aryl-substituted aliphatic group.

When R¹ is an aliphatic group, it may be a straight chain or branched chain hydrocarbon group which is saturated, monounsaturated or polyunsaturated. It may also comprise a straight chain or branched chain group containing other than carbon-to-carbon bondings e.g. ether linkages, carbon to halogen linkages, etc. Ordinarily, it will contain from about 1 to 18 carbon atoms, the most typical radicals of this group being the alkyl radicals having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms.

By way of illustrating the aliphatic groups that may be represented by R¹, the following are given: CH₃ --; CH₃ CH₂ --; CH₃ CH₂ --CH₂ --; CH₃ (CH₂)_(n) -- in which n is 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 14 and 16 respectively; (CH₃)₂ CH--CH₂ --; CH₃ (CH₂)₃ (CH₃ CH₂)CH--, CH₂ ═CH--(CH₂)₈ --, alkoxyalkyl in which the alkyl moieties have from 1 to 4 carbon atoms e.g. methoxymethyl; halogenoalkyl (i.e. CH₂ Cl--; CH₃ CHCl--; CHCl₂ --; CCl₃ --; CH₂ Br--; CF₃).

When R¹ is a cycloaliphatic radical it will most often be a cycloalkyl radical containing 3 to 8 carbon atoms or a cycloalkenyl radical containing 5 to 6 carbon atoms. By way of illustrating the cycloaliphatic radicals that may correspond to R¹ in formula I mention may be made of the cyclopropyl ##STR2##

When R¹ is a substituted phenyl radical in formula I above, the phenyl group may have from 1 to 5 substituents but will usually be mono, di or trisubstituted. Typical among the groups that may be contained in the phenyl group are (a) alkyl groups which are branched or straight chain containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms e.g. methyl, ethyl, tertiary butyl; (b) alkoxyl groups containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms e.g. methoxy, ethoxy; (c) hydroxy; (d) acyloxy containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms; (e) halogen e.g. 1 or 2 Cl, F, Br, I preferably in the meta and/or para position; (f) nitro; (g) amino; (h) acylamino in which the acylamino moiety is derived from an alkanoic acid containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms and benzamides in which the benzene ring is unsubstituted or monosubstituted, disubstituted or trisubstituted with alkyl groups containing 1 to 5 carbon atoms or halogen atoms; (i) polyhydroxyalkylamino groups containing 4 to 8 carbon atoms; (j) cyano; (k) trifluoromethyl; (l) mercapto; (m) alkylthio; (n) acylthio containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms; (o) carboxyl; (p) carboalkoxyl containing 1 to 8 aliphatic carbon atoms; (q) phenyl; (r) phenoxy, and combinations thereof.

When R¹ is a fused bicyclic aryl radical, it may be a substituted or unsubstituted radical. These are exemplified by such fused bicyclic hydrocarbon radicals as 1-napthyl, 2-napthyl, etc.

When R¹ is a monocyclic aryl substituted aliphatic radical, the monocyclic aryl moiety may be either of the substituted or unsubstituted variety. The aliphatic moiety of this group may be either of the saturated or unsaturated straight chain or branched chain hydrocarbon variety or it may contain other than carbon-to-carbon bonding. This may be illustrated by such groups as phenoxymethyl; benzyl, styryl, ##STR3##

The group R² in the radical --NHR² of formula I above is exemplified by the same radicals given above in illustrating the radical --R¹. In addition, R² may also be phenyl as in the case of the group ##STR4##

In general, the compounds included in formula I above as well as the cases in formula I in which X is hydrogen or phenyl may be prepared by heating the corresponding 1-(2-acylaminophenyl)imidazole at reflux in the presence of cyclizing quantities of a cyclizing agent e.g. polyphosphoric acid or phosphorous oxychloride, etc. for sufficient time to cause significant cyclization of this reactant. More particularly, the 1-(2-acylaminophenyl)imidazole reactants that can be employed in this process may be described by the general formula: ##STR5## in which X² is R⁵ or --NHR² wherein:

R⁵ is hydrogen or an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, phenyl or substituted phenyl, fused bicyclic aryl or monocyclic aryl substituted aliphatic radical and R² has the same values assigned to it in connection with formula I above.

The group R⁵ in formula II is illustrated by the same groups that illustrate R¹ in formula I. However, in addition, R⁵ may also be illustrated by the phenyl radical.

The reaction can be depicted by the following equation: ##STR6##

The process of equation III is preferably carried out in the presence of an excess of an organic amine solvent. A variety of solvents may be used for this purpose among which mention may be made of the following: pyridine, 2,6-dimethylpyridine, N,N-dimethylaniline, trimethylamine, and N-methylmorpholine, etc. However, the preferred organic solvent is pyridine.

The quantity of phosphorous oxychloride that is employed in the reaction can vary somewhat. Generally, however, the phosphorous oxychloride will be employed in the range of from about one-half mole to about 6 moles and preferably one-half mole to two moles per mole of compound II.

The desired product IV may be recovered from the reaction mixture using any of the ordinary techniques well known to those skilled in this art. The time of reaction will vary depending upon, among other things, the particular reactants or molar quantities of reactants employed. In general, the reaction time will be from about 30 to 120 minutes.

The temperature employed in carrying out the reaction will also vary depending upon the particular reactants selected, the solvent and other factors. Ordinarily, the temperature employed will be the reflux temperature of the reaction mixture. This generally will be in the range of from about 95° C. to 195° C.

The method of preparing the 1-(2-acylaminophenyl)imidazoles (compound II) will vary depending on the particular type that is being made. Thus, for example, in preparing compound of the general type: ##STR7## where R⁵ is hydrogen, aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, phenyl, substituted phenyl, fused bicyclic aryl or monocyclic aryl substituted aliphatic group, the 1-(2-acylaminophenyl)imidazole is reacted with the appropriate acid halide e.g. the acid chloride.

This can be expressed by the following equation: ##STR8## in which R⁵ has the value ascribed to it above. The reaction will usually be carried out employing equimolar amounts of the appropriate acid chloride and in the presence of excess solvent (e.g. pyridine) at reflux.

When the compounds in question are of the phenylureylene type e.g. ##STR9## wherein R² is hydrogen, aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, phenyl, substituted phenyl, fused bicyclic aryl or monocyclic aryl substituted aliphatic group, these are prepared by reacting the aminophenylimidazole with the appropriate isocyanate. This can be expressed by the following equation: ##STR10## in which R² has the value ascribed to it above.

This reaction is preferably carried out in the presence of a solvent and at steam bath temperatures. A typical solvent that can be employed is toluene and the reactants are usually used in about equimolar quantities. The products obtained from reactions VI and VIII may be recovered using standard techniques well known to those skilled in this art.

PRIOR ART

U.S. Pat. No. 3,887,566 discloses imidazo[1,2-a]quinoxaline and 4-phenylimidazo[1,2-a]quinoxaline. However, this reference does not disclose the 4-substituted imidazo[1,2-a]quinoxalines of the present invention nor the process for making these compounds. The activity disclosed in this reference for these compounds is as cardiovascular drugs. There is no disclosure of the fact that these compounds may have immunosuppressant activity, antifungal activity or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory action. It is in fact interesting to note that the unsubstituted imidazo[1,2-a]quinoxaline lacks immunosuppressant activity while the 4-phenylimidazo[1,2-a]quinoxaline has only minor activity which is greatly increased by substitution on the para- and meta- positions on the benzene ring.

Uryukina et al, Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin., 1972, 1558-60 (See C.A. 78, 58345^(t) (1973) discloses the unsubstituted and the 7-methyl, methoxy, and bromo substituted imidazo[1,2-a]quinoxalines. No 4-substituted products are disclosed nor is any utility disclosed for these compounds.

Kovalev et al, Farmakol. Toksikol (Moscow), 36 (2), 232-238, 1973 (See C.A. 78 154693^(a)) also discloses the 7-methoxyimidazo[1,2-a]quinoxaline and suggests the use of this material as an hypotensive agent. This reference likewise does not disclose the 4-substituted imidazo[1,2-a]quinoxalines of the present invention or their utility.

Japanese Pat. Nos. 10677/74 and 10678/74 disclose certain 4-substituted 1,2-dihydroimidazo[1,2-a]quinoxalines and the fact that these materials are useful as anti-inflammatory agents. These references do not show the unhydrogenated compounds of this invention. Moreover, no immunosuppressant activity or antifungal activity is disclosed.

Siminov et al, Khim. Geterotsikl, Soedin, 7, 570 (1971) (See C.A. 76, 25242^(n) 1972) discloses a process for synthesizing imidazo[1,2-a]quinoxaline involving the reduction of 1-(o-nitrophenyl)-2-formylimidazole. This is obviously not related to the process of the present invention.

The following Examples are given to further illustrate the present invention. It is to be understood, however, that they are not limitative of this invention.

The compounds described in the Tables below were prepared as described. Melting points were obtained by the capillary tube method using a Mel-Temp melting point apparatus and are uncorrected. Ultraviolet spectra were obtained in ethanol solution using a Beckman U.V. Acta III or a Beckman DBG. 1-(2-aminophenyl)imidazole was prepared as reported by A. F. Pozharskii, A. M. Siminov and L. M. Sitkina, Khim. Geterotskl. Soedin. 5, 1916 (1969) [Chem. Abstr., 72 11427^(a) (1970)].

Table I below further illustrates the preparation of the aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and monocyclic aryl substituted aliphatic-amidophenylimidazoles of the present invention. Table II further exemplifies the preparation of the aryl (including the fused ring aryl) amidophenylimidazoles of this invention.

Except as noted in Tables I and II, the amides were prepared by reacting equimolar amounts of the appropriate acid chloride with 1-(2-aminophenyl)imidazole in the presence of excess pyridine on a steam bath for 45 minutes. The reaction mixture was then stirred into ice water and the crude product isolated according to one of the following methods.

Method A

If a solid was obtained, it was directly crystallized from the solvent indicated in Table I.

Method B

If an oil was obtained, it was dissolved in a minimum amount of chloroform and passed through an alumina column with the amount of alumina being approximately twenty times the weight of the crude solid; elution was with chloroform. The chloroform was evaporated from the crude product which was crystallized as indicated in Table I.

Method C

If a solution was obtained in the ice water mixture, the pyridine/water azeotrope was removed until the crude product separated. It was then treated as in Method B above.

                                      TABLE I                                      __________________________________________________________________________      ##STR11##                                                                     1-(2-alkanamidophenyl)imidazoles                                                                     Isolation                                                                           %   Crystallization                                                                              Analysis                          No.                                                                               R                  Method                                                                              Yield                                                                              Solvent  m.p., °C.                                                                    Calc'd                                                                              Found                        __________________________________________________________________________     1  H.sup.a            C    63.3                                                                               Water    200-204                                                                             C,64.16                                                                             64.26                                                                     H, 4.85                                                                              4.71                                                                     N,22.45                                                                             22.30                        2  CH.sub.3           A    56.2                                                                               Ethanol  163-166                                                                             C,65.66                                                                             65.69                                                                     H, 5.51                                                                              5.52                                                                     N,20.88                                                                             20.84                        3  CH.sub.3 CH.sub.2.sup.b                                                                           C    73.9                                                                               Water    144-146                                                                             C,66.96                                                                             67.26                                                                     H, 6.09                                                                              6.15                                                                     N,19.52                                                                             19.40                        4  CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.2                                                                         B    31.1                                                                               Toluene  108-110                                                                             C,68.10                                                                             67.95                                                                     H, 6.59                                                                              6.52                                                                     N,18.33                                                                             18.25                        5  CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.3                                                                         B    49.6                                                                               Toluene- 123-125                                                                             C,69.11                                                                             69.14                                                       hexane        H, 7.04                                                                              7.00                                                                     N,17.27                                                                             17.17                        6  CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.4                                                                         B    49.4                                                                               isopropyl ether-                                                                        103-105                                                                             C,70.01                                                                             70.31                                                       trichloroethylene                                                                            H, 7.44                                                                              7.45                                                                     N,16.33                                                                             16.26                        7  CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.5                                                                         A    55.3                                                                               isopropyl ether                                                                          96-98                                                                              C,70.82                                                                             70.79                                                                     H, 7.80                                                                              7.74                                                                     N,15.48                                                                             15.23                        8  CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.6                                                                         A    55.1                                                                               isopropyl ether                                                                         101-102                                                                             C,71.55                                                                             71.67                                                                     H, 8.12                                                                              8.05                                                                     N,14.72                                                                             14.65                        9  CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.7                                                                         A    45.6                                                                               isopropyl ether                                                                          93-95                                                                              C,72.21                                                                             72.24                                                                     H, 8.42                                                                              8.41                                                                     N,14.03                                                                             13.92                        10 CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.8                                                                         A    60.6                                                                               isopropyl                                                                                79-81                                                                              C,72.81                                                                             73.38                                                       ether-hexane  H, 8.68                                                                              8.85                                                                     N,13.41                                                                             13.02                        11 CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.14                                                                        B    58.1                                                                               isopropyl ether                                                                          94-96                                                                              C,75.52                                                                             75.12                                                                     H, 9.89                                                                              9.76                                                                     N,10.57                                                                             10.38                        12 CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.16                                                                        B    80.6                                                                               isopropyl ether                                                                          98-100                                                                             C,76.19                                                                             76.57                                                                     H,10.18                                                                             10.28                                                                     N, 9.87                                                                              9.79                        13 (CH.sub.3).sub.3 C.sup.b                                                                          C    48.8                                                                               benzene  102-104                                                                             C,69.11                                                                             69.15                                                                     H, 7.04                                                                              7.26                                                                     N,17.27                                                                             17.19                        14 (CH.sub.3).sub.2 CHCH.sub.2                                                                       C    25.4                                                                               benzene  128-130                                                                             C,69.40                                                                             69.60                                                                     H, 6.66                                                                              7.00                                                                     N,17.34                                                                             17.40                        15 CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 (CH.sub.3 CH.sub.2)CH                                                   B    32.8                                                                               benzene  125-127                                                                             C,71.55                                                                             71.86                                                                     H, 8.12                                                                              7.84                                                                     N,14.72                                                                             14.95                        16 CH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.2).sub.8                                                                        A    76.8                                                                               isopropyl                                                                                92-94                                                                              C,73.81                                                                             74.26                                                       ether-hexane  H, 8.36                                                                              8.50                                                                     N,12.91                                                                             12.30                        17 CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 (CH.sub.2CHCH).sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.7                                   C    3.6 .sup.c    73.76                                                                              C,76.92                                                                             76.73                                                                     H, 9.32                                                                              9.36                                                                     N,  9.97                                                                             9.78                        18                                                                                 ##STR12##         C    41.9                                                                               ethanol  145.147                                                                             C,73.63 H, 5.45 N,15.15                                                             73.81  5.57 15.41            19                                                                                 ##STR13##         C    7.7 diethyl ether                                                                           205-207                                                                             C,74.73 H, 6.27 N,13.76                                                             74.83  6.32 13.59            20                                                                                 ##STR14##         A    43.0                                                                               ethanol  161-164                                                                             C,74.72 H, 5.23 N,14.52                                                             74.94 5.47 14.55             21 CH.sub.3 OCH.sub.2 A    49.8                                                                               Toluene  146-147                                                                             C,62.33                                                                             61.99                                                                     H, 5.66                                                                              5.74                                                                     N,18.17                                                                             18.48                        22                                                                                 ##STR15##         A    77.7                                                                               Toluene  136.5- 138.5                                                                        C,69.61 H, 5.15 N,14.33                                                             69.82  5.37 14.04            23                                                                                 ##STR16##         A    10.1                                                                               isopropanol                                                                             207-209                                                                             C,68.71 H, 5.76 N,18.49                                                             68.67  5.85 18.67            24                                                                                 ##STR17##         A    55.6                                                                               Toluene  151-153                                                                             C,69.69 H, 6.27  N,17.41                                                            69.44   6.21 17.55           25                                                                                 ##STR18##         A    67.3                                                                               Toluene  142.5- 145                                                                          C,71.35 H, 7.11 N,15.60                                                             70.88  6.92 15.59            26                                                                                 ##STR19##         A    21.6                                                                               ethanol  196-198.5                                                                           C,72.16 H, 6.06 N,15.78                                                             71.87  6.33 15.40            27 CH.sub.2 Cl        B    11.9                                                                               water    255(dec.)                                                                           C,56.06                                                                             55.92                                                                     H, 4.28                                                                              4.26                                                                     N,17.83                                                                             17.72                        28 CH.sub.3 CHCl      A    27.9                                                                               Toluene  143.5°-                                                                      C,57.72                                                                             57.54                                                                145.5°                                                                       H, 4.85                                                                              4.92                                                                     N,16.83                                                                             17.16                        29 CHCl.sub.2.sup.b   A    33.2                                                                               benzene  162-165                                                                             C,48.91                                                                             48.94                                                                     H, 3.36                                                                              3.24                                                                     N,15.56                                                                             15.42                                                                     Cl,26.25                                                                            26.17                        30 CF.sub.3           A    22.0                                                                               ethanol  165-167                                                                             C,51.77                                                                             51.58                                                                     H, 3.16                                                                              3.20                                                                     N,16.47                                                                             16.53                        32                                                                                 ##STR20##         C    14.1                                                                               trichloro- ethylene                                                                     128-130                                                                             C,60.23 H, 5.05 N,16.21                                                             60.21  5.10 16.16            __________________________________________________________________________      Notes:-                                                                        .sup.a Prepared from aceticformic anhydride according to R.J. Jones, J.        Am. Chem. Soc., 71,644(1949). After removal by distillution of excess          solvent, residue dissolved in water and neutralized with NaOH to provide       crude product.                                                                 .sup.b Prepared via the anhydride.                                             .sup.c Could not be crystallized; purified by chromatography on alumina        with ethyl acetate as elutant.                                           

                                      TABLE II                                     __________________________________________________________________________      ##STR21##                                                                     1-(2-Arylamidophenyl)imidazoles                                                              Isolation                                                                           %   Crystallization        Analysis                         No.                                                                               Ar         Method                                                                              Yield                                                                              Solvent   m.p.,°C.                                                                      λmax.(Am)                                                                      Calc'd                                                                             Found                        __________________________________________________________________________     34                                                                                 ##STR22## A    44.9                                                                               dimethoxyethane                                                                          148-150                                                                              225(21,720)                                                                           C,72.99 H, 4.98 N,15.96                                                            73.30  5.08 16.04            35                                                                                 ##STR23## A    58.7                                                                               ethanol   190-192.5                                                                            262(21,400)                                                                           C,73.63 H, 5.45 N,15.15                                                            73.10  5.32 15.46            36                                                                                 ##STR24## B    58.3                                                                               benzene   147-148.5                                                                            231,sh(18,200)                                                                        C,73.63 H, 5.45 N,15.15                                                            73.63  5.24 15.36            37                                                                                 ##STR25## B    57.4                                                                               benzene   143-146.5                                                                            236(23,400)                                                                           C,73.63 H, 5.45 N,15.15                                                            73.28  5.29 15.27            38                                                                                 ##STR26## A    53.0                                                                               benzene   151-153                                                                              .sup.c C,61.63 H, 3.65 N,12.68                                                            60.97  3.62 12.34            39                                                                                 ##STR27## B    79.3                                                                               ethyl acetate                                                                            136-138                                                                              239(20,400)                                                                           C,75.21 H, 6.63 N,13.27                                                            75.06  6.45 13.31            40                                                                                 ##STR28## A    45.5                                                                               isopropanol                                                                              198-200                                                                              276(28,100)                                                                           C,77.86 H, 5.05 N,12.38                                                            77.46  4.76 12.09            41                                                                                 ##STR29## A    73.5                                                                               dimethylformamide, ethanol                                                               194-196                                                                              260(17,810)                                                                           C,62.33 H, 3.92 N,18.17                                                            62.26  3.69 18.10            42                                                                                 ##STR30## A    74.4                                                                               dimethylformamide, water                                                                 198- 202.5                                                                           250(16,500)                                                                           C,62.33 H, 3.92 N,18.17                                                            62.27  4.00 18.37            43                                                                                 ##STR31## A    87.41                                                                              dimethylformamide, water                                                                 254-256                                                                              .sup.c C,54.40 H, 3.14 N,19.82                                                            54.35  3.31 19.82            44                                                                                 ##STR32## A    60.87                                                                              dimethylformamide, water                                                                 219-220.5                                                                            234(1,500)                                                                            C,70.82 H, 4.20 N,19.49                                                            70.14  4.45 19.15            45                                                                                 ##STR33## B    56.8                                                                               benzene   205-208                                                                              229(18,500)                                                                           C,68.32 H, 4.30 N,14.94                                                            67.86  4.02 15.17            46                                                                                 ##STR34## A    53.2.sup.a                                                                         dimethylformamide, water                                                                  93-96                                                                               260(10,100)                                                                           C,66.20 H, 4.51 N,14.47                                                            65.96  4.37 14.40            47                                                                                 ##STR35## A    .sup.b                                                                             dimethylformamide                                                                        189-190.5                                                                            240(22,100)                                                                           C,56.16 H, 3.53 N,12.28                                                            56.03  3.58 12.51            48                                                                                 ##STR36## A    40.1                                                                               dimethylformamide, water                                                                 199-201.5                                                                            258(20,100)                                                                           C,56.16 H, 3.54 N,12.28                                                            55.84  3.58 12.48            49                                                                                 ##STR37## A    38.7                                                                               dimethylformamide, ethanol                                                               201-203                                                                              261(16,700)                                                                           C,64.54 H, 4.06 N,14.11                                                            64.70  4.05 13.95            50                                                                                 ##STR38## B    68.5                                                                               ethanol   144-146                                                                              .sup.c C,64.54 H, 4.06 N,14.11                                                            64.82  3.92 14.59            51                                                                                 ##STR39## A    59.7                                                                               ethanol   167-170                                                                              240(26,410)                                                                           C,64.54 H, 4.06 N,14.11                                                            64.41  3.94 13.92            52                                                                                 ##STR40## A    26.6                                                                               dimethylformamide, water                                                                 210-212                                                                              265(21,000)                                                                           C,57.85 H, 3.34 N,12.65                                                            58.05  3.46 13.08            53                                                                                 ##STR41## A    61.2                                                                               dimethylformamide, water                                                                 180.5-183                                                                            235(22,100)                                                                           C,57.85 H, 3.34 N,12.65                                                            57.65  3.51  12.93           54                                                                                 ##STR42## A    42.9                                                                               ethanol   186.5-189                                                                            255(28,480)                                                                           C,49.38 H, 3.11 N,10.80                                                        I,32.61                                                                            49.22  3.15 10.85                                                              32.89                        55                                                                                 ##STR43## B    58.6                                                                               isopropanol                                                                              146-151                                                                              263(20,400)                                                                           C,69.61 H, 5.15 N,14.33                                                            69.01  5.14 14.36            56                                                                                 ##STR44## B    83.2                                                                               dimethylformamide, water                                                                 171-173                                                                              281(5,100)                                                                            C,69.61 H, 5.15 N,14.33                                                            69.27  5.02 14.28            57                                                                                 ##STR45## B    61.2                                                                               benzene   130-132.5                                                                            244,sh(12,300)                                                                        C,66.86 H, 5.30 N,13.00                                                            66.97  5.08 13.54            58                                                                                 ##STR46## C    29.79                                                                              dimethylformamide, water                                                                 133.5-136.5                                                                          281(15,410)                                                                           C,69.61 H, 5.15 N,14.33                                                            69.10  5.08 14.18            59                                                                                 ##STR47## B    18.26                                                                              dimethylformamide, water                                                                 164.5-166.5                                                                          .sup.c C,56.16 H, 3.54 N,12.28                                                            55.65  3.51 12.37            60                                                                                 ##STR48## A    51.07                                                                              isopropanol                                                                              142.5-145.5                                                                          223(14,420)                                                                           C,68.32 H, 4.30 N,14.94                                                            67.79  4.36 14.58            61                                                                                 ##STR49## B    15.68                                                                              isopropanol- ethanol                                                                     203.5-205                                                                            258(18,840)                                                                           C,54.40 H, 2.28 N,11.90                                                            53.78  2.30 12.16            62                                                                                 ##STR50## A    46.9                                                                               isopropanol                                                                              165.5-167.5                                                                          237(53,900)                                                                           C,76.66 H, 4.83 N,13.41                                                            76.29  4.84 13.27            63                                                                                 ##STR51## A    36.78                                                                              isopropanol- dimethylformamide                                                           175-177                                                                              289(6,940)                                                                            C,76.66 H, 4.82 N,13.41                                                            76.68  4.75 12.01            190                                                                                ##STR52## B    38.80                                                                              benzene   156-157.5                                                                            268(13,800)                                                                           C,64.58 H, 5.42 N,11.89                                                            64.58  5.39 12.02            217                                                                                ##STR53## A    45.8                                                                               ethanol   134-136.5                                                                            273(14,900)                                                                           C,66.86 H, 5.30 N,13.00                                                            66.88  5.37 12.68            __________________________________________________________________________      Notes:-                                                                        .sup.a isolated as hemihydrate.                                                .sup.b partial loss prevented yield determination.                             .sup.c Compound absorbed too low for significant U.V.                    

Alkyl-2-(1-imidazolyl)phenylureylenes (Table III) were prepared by the reaction of equimolar amounts of the aminophenylimidazole and the appropriate isocyanate in toluene solution at steam bath temperatures during two or three hours. Upon cooling, the crude product was collected by filtration and treated by one of the following methods: (A) direct crystallization from the appropriate solvent or (B) dissolved in hot dimethylformamide and precipitated with water followed by crystallization.

                                      TABLE III                                    __________________________________________________________________________      ##STR54##                                                                     Alkyl-2-(1-imidazolyl)phenylureylenes                                                       Isolation                                                                           %   Crystallization      Analysis                            No.                                                                               R         Method                                                                              Yield                                                                              Solvent   m.p.,°C.                                                                     λmax.(Am)                                                                     Calc'd                                                                             Found                           __________________________________________________________________________     64 CH.sub.3  A    41.6                                                                               ethanol   194-196                                                                             240(15,500)                                                                          C,61.60                                                                            61.22                                                                      H,5.59                                                                              5.48                                                                      N,25.91                                                                            26.11                           65 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.2                                                                        B    27.3                                                                               trichloroethylene                                                                        173-175                                                                             278(1,200)                                                                           C,62.59                                                                            62.21                                                                242(12,700)                                                                          H,6.13                                                                              6.04                                                                      N,24.33                                                                            24.32                           66 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2                                                               B    49.3                                                                               trichloroethylene                                                                        139-141                                                                             279(1,200)                                                                           C,63.92                                                                            63.75                                                                240(12,800)                                                                          H,6.60                                                                              6.56                                                                      N,22.93                                                                            23.00                           67 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2                                                      B    35.6                                                                               isopropanol                                                                              115-116.5                                                                           278(1,400)                                                                           C,65.09                                                                            64.84                                                                241(15,000)                                                                          H,7.02                                                                              7.00                                                                      N,21.69                                                                            21.78                           68                                                                                 ##STR55##                                                                               A     50.64                                                                             dimethylformamide, water                                                                 164-166                                                                             241(12,200)                                                                          C,67.58 H,7.09 N,19.70                                                             67.60  7.08 19.44               __________________________________________________________________________

Aryl-2-(1-imidazolyl)phenylureylenes (Table IV) were prepared by reacting equimolar amounts of the aminophenylimidazole and the appropriate arylisocyanate in dry toluene during three hours at steam bath temperatures. The reaction mixture was cooled and the crude product was separated by filtration, and washed with ether and crystallized from the indicated solvent.

                                      TABLE IV                                     __________________________________________________________________________      ##STR56##                                                                     Aryl-2-(1-imidazolyl)phenylureylenes                                                                Recrystallization     Analysis                            No. Ar          % Yield                                                                             Solvent   m.p.°C.                                                                       λmax.(Am)                                                                     Calc'd                                                                             Found                           __________________________________________________________________________     69                                                                                  ##STR57##  64.6 ethanol   201-203                                                                              256(27,640)                                                                          C,69.05 H,5.07 N,20.13                                                             69.13  5.15 20.16               70                                                                                  ##STR58##  76.9 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 203.5-207.5                                                                          258(23,400)                                                                          C,69.84 H,5.52 N,19.17                                                             69.85  5.47 19.28               71                                                                                  ##STR59##  76.9 ethanol   182-183.5                                                                            256(25,800)                                                                          C,69.84 H,5.52 N,19.17                                                             69.97  5.35 19.12               72                                                                                  ##STR60##  78.8 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 202.5-203.5                                                                          251(25,500)                                                                          C,64.86 H,4.42 N,18.91                                                             64.77  4.47 19.16               73                                                                                  ##STR61##  61.9 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 201-202                                                                              253(26,000)                                                                          C,64.86 H,4.42 N,18.97                                                             64.47  4.40 19.24               74                                                                                  ##STR62##  65.8 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 220-222                                                                              251(23,100)                                                                          C,64.86 H,4.42 N,18.97                                                             64.56  4.41 19.14               75                                                                                  ##STR63##  76.7 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 204-206                                                                              258(30,900)                                                                          C,61.45 H,4.19 N,17.91                                                             61.57  4.12 18.26               76                                                                                  ##STR64##  58.1 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 244-245.5                                                                            260(32,900)                                                                          C,55.35 H,3.48 N,16.14                                                             54.93  3.47 16.25               77                                                                                  ##STR65##  70.0 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 180.5-182.5                                                                          252(23,000)                                                                          C,53.80 H,3.76 N,15.68                                                             53.88  3.78 15.66               78                                                                                  ##STR66##  75.2 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 218- 219.5                                                                           258(28,600)                                                                          C,53.80 H,3.67 N,15.68                                                             53.71  3.66 15.35               79                                                                                  ##STR67##  53.1 methanol  227-230.5                                                                            260(27,700)                                                                          C,53.80 H,3.67 N,15.68                                                             52.08  3.56 15.12               80                                                                                  ##STR68##  83.2 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 201-202                                                                              253(26,000)                                                                          C,64.86 H,4.42 N,18.97                                                             64.47  4.40 19.24               81                                                                                  ##STR69##  57.79                                                                               dimethylformamide- water                                                                 167-170                                                                              250(20,710)                                                                          C,69.84 H,5.52 N,19.17                                                             70.10  5.57 18.60               82                                                                                  ##STR70##  77.4 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 216.5-218.5                                                                          256(31,010)                                                                          C,58.96 H,3.78 N,16.18                                                             58.86  3.81 15.79               83                                                                                  ##STR71##  78.9 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 212-215                                                                              260(27,580)                                                                          C,70.57 H,5.92 N,18.29                                                             70.30  5.83 18.00               84                                                                                  ##STR72##  76.6 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 185-188                                                                              258(29,590)                                                                          C,70.57 H,5.92  N,18.29                                                            70.30  5.96 18.00               85                                                                                  ##STR73##  76.2 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 163.5-166                                                                            258(28,770)                                                                          C,70.57 H,5.92 N,18.29                                                             70.52  5.81 17.94               86                                                                                  ##STR74##  67.8 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 169-172                                                                              257(29,920)                                                                          C,71.83 H,6.63 N,16.75                                                             71.61  6.56 16.24               87                                                                                  ##STR75##  80.6 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 206-209                                                                              282(27,620)                                                                          C,71.23 H,6.29 N,17.49                                                             71.12  6.12 17.24               88                                                                                  ##STR76##  69.0 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 204.5-206                                                                            285(10,630)                                                                          C,66.22 H,5.23 N,18.17                                                             65.96  5.15 18.15               89                                                                                  ##STR77##  84.0 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 188   252(25,510)                                                                          C,66.22 H,5.23 N,18.17                                                             65.83  5.13 18.02               90                                                                                  ##STR78##  81.9 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 200-202                                                                              260(24,560)                                                                           C,66.22 H,5.23 N,18.17                                                            65.61  5.14 17.98               91                                                                                  ##STR79##  80.9 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 190.5-193                                                                            259(27,180)                                                                          C,67.07 H,5.63 N,17.38                                                             66.80  5.62 17.16               92                                                                                  ##STR80##  79.5 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 178-179.5                                                                            258(26,490)                                                                          C,68.55 H,6.33 N,15.99                                                             68.68  6.34 15.62               93                                                                                  ##STR81##  64.1 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 202.5-205                                                                            259(35,850)                                                                          C,71.34 H,4.90 N,15.13                                                             71.14  4.93 14.78               94                                                                                  ##STR82##  75.1 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 189-191                                                                              278(32,130)                                                                          C,62.94 H,4.97 N,17.27                                                             62.84  4.86 17.22               95                                                                                  ##STR83##  62.3 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 211.5-214.5                                                                          259(30,210)                                                                          C,61.45 H,4.19 N,17.91                                                             60.94  4.02 17.79               96                                                                                  ##STR84##  75.9 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 198- 210                                                                             252(25,230)                                                                          C,61.44 H,3.85 N,17.83                                                             61.33  3.92 17.98               97                                                                                  ##STR85##  64.8 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 232.5-234                                                                            258(32,380)                                                                          C,55.35 H,3.48 N,16.14                                                             55.60  3.50 16.00               98                                                                                  ##STR86##  70.7 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 237.5-239                                                                            258(31,300)                                                                          C,62.48 H, 4.63 N,17.15                                                            62.79  4.70 17.30               99                                                                                  ##STR87##  70.0 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 229-232                                                                              256(25,630)                                                                          C,58.10 H, 3.66 N,16.94                                                            57.84  3.56 16.90               100                                                                                 ##STR88##  57.6 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 239.5-242.2                                                                          261(37,430)                                                                          C,53.63 H, 3.18 N,14.71                                                            53.89  3.05 14.41               101                                                                                 ##STR89##  50.7 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 190-192                                                                              255(26,350)                                                                          C,53.63 H, 3.18 N,14.71                                                            53.70  2.97 14.90               102                                                                                 ##STR90##  42.7 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 202-205                                                                              375(4,200) 253(32,970)                                                               C,59.44 H, 4.05 N,21.66                                                            59.40  4.10 21.44               103                                                                                 ##STR91##  44.2 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 237.5-239-5                                                                          342(1,800) 264(46,530)                                                               C,59.44 H, 4.05 N,21.66                                                            59.16  4.10 21.31               104                                                                                 ##STR92##  52.3 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 >257(Dec.)                                                                           330(20,010)                                                                          C,59.44 H, 4.05 N,21.66                                                            59.01  3.97 21.07               105                                                                                 ##STR93##  35.4 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 256.5-258                                                                            257(33,080)                                                                          C,53.72 H, 3.38 N,19.57                                                            53.72  3.31 19.63               106                                                                                 ##STR94##  57.1 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 254-256(Dec.)                                                                        256(36,930)                                                                          C,60.53 H, 4.48 N,20.76                                                            60.26  4.34 20.68               107                                                                                 ##STR95##  47.3 dimethylformamide-  water                                                                244   290(57,510)                                                                          C,67.32 H, 4.32 N,23.09                                                            67.88  4.13 21.37               108                                                                                 ##STR96##  33.8 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 227.5-229.5                                                                          297(32,710)                                                                          C,67.48 H, 5.03 N,17.49                                                            67.49  5.05 17.07               191                                                                                 ##STR97##  35.2 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 233-236                                                                              284(16,710)                                                                          C,73.15 H, 4.91 N,17.06                                                            72.70  4.97 16.63               192                                                                                 ##STR98##  25.2 dimethylformamide- methanol-water                                                        231-232                                                                              252(32,920)                                                                          C,56.31 H, 3.55 N,20.52                                                            54.13  3.50 20.21               __________________________________________________________________________

4-Alkylimidazo[1,2-a]quinoxalines (Table V) were prepared by refluxing the appropriate amide (Table I, compounds 1-33) with phosphorous oxychloride in excess pyridine during one hour. The reaction mixture was stirred into water and sufficient azeotrope removed to form a viscous residue which was dissolved in chloroform, dried over MgSO₄, and chromatographed through an alumina column. The chloroform was evaporated and the product crystallized from the indicated solvent.

                                      TABLE V                                      __________________________________________________________________________      ##STR99##                                                                     4-alkylimidazo[1,2-a] quinoxalines                                                                Recrystallization     Analysis                              No.                                                                                 R        % Yield                                                                             Solvent  m.p.°C.                                                                       λmax.(Am)                                                                      Calc'd                                                                             Found                             __________________________________________________________________________     109                                                                               H.sup.a    63.3 sublimed 120   316(10,900)                                  110                                                                               CH.sub.3   13.3 isopropyl ether                                                                         134-135                                                                              312(11,200)                                                                           C,72.11                                                                            72.18                                                                      H, 4.95                                                                             4.89                                                                      N,22.93                                                                            23.01                             111                                                                               CH.sub.3 CH.sub.2                                                                         37.6 hexane   114-115                                                                              311(10,500)                                                                           C,73.07                                                                            72.85                                                                      H, 5.62                                                                             5.83                                                                      N,21.30                                                                            21.29                             112                                                                               CH.sub.3 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2                                                                14.3 hexane   110-111                                                                              314(10,900)                                                                           C,73.91                                                                            73.99                                                                      H, 6.20                                                                             6.13                                                                      N,19.89                                                                            19.94                             113                                                                               CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2 ).sub.3                                                                17.6 hexane   92-93 324(8,000)                                                                            C,74.64                                                                            74.34                                                                      H, 6.70                                                                             6.74                                                                      N,18.65                                                                            18.48                             114                                                                               CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.4                                                                 29.2 .sup.b   63-65 314(11,300)                                                                           C,75.28                                                                            75.13                                                                      H, 7.16                                                                             7.39                                                                      N,17.56                                                                            17.43                             115                                                                               CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.5                                                                 10.7 .sup.b   43-45 313(10,800)                                                                           C,75.86                                                                            76.03                                                                      H, 7.56                                                                             7.63                                                                      N,16.59                                                                            16.40                             116                                                                               CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.6                                                                 8.0  .sup.c   54-57 313(9,400)                                                                            C,76.37                                                                            75.84                                                                      H, 7.92                                                                             7.77                                                                      N,15.72                                                                            16.43                             117                                                                               CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.7                                                                 26.3 isopropyl ether                                                                         65-66 311(11,600)                                                                           C,76.83                                                                            76.97                                                                      H, 8.24                                                                             8.20                                                                      N,14.93                                                                            14.89                             118                                                                               CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.8                                                                 9.5  ethyl ether-                                                                            55-57 307(12,500)                                                                           C,77.25                                                                            77.04                                                hexane                H, 8.53                                                                             8.36                                                                      N,14.22                                                                            14.52                             119                                                                               CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.14                                                                24.3 isopropyl ether                                                                         73-75 313(11,300)                                                                           C,79.11                                                                            79.03                                                                      H, 9.82                                                                            10.02                                                                      N,11.07                                                                            10.88                             120                                                                               CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.16                                                                13.7 isopropyl ether                                                                         79-81 311(11,300)                                                                           C,79.11                                                                            79.54                                                                      H,10.14                                                                            10.12                                                                      N,10.31                                                                            10.34                             121                                                                               (CH.sub.3).sub.2 CHCH.sub.2                                                               12.6 hexanes  52-55 314(11,700)                                                                           C,74.64                                                                            74.92                                                                      H, 6.71                                                                             6.81                                                                      N,18.65                                                                            18.74                             122                                                                               CF.sub.3   50.7 isopropyl ether-                                                                        184-187                                                                              328(10,800)                                                                           C,55.70                                                                            55.94                                                                      H, 2.55                                                                             2.49                                                chloroform            N,17.72                                                                            17.64                             123                                                                               CH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.2).sub.8                                                                9.8  hexanes  40-42 309(13,100)                                                                           C,78.14                                                                            77.92                                                                      H, 8.20                                                                             7.98                                                                      N,13.67                                                                            13.96                             124                                                                                ##STR100##                                                                               16.7 ethanol  140.5-142                                                                            312(13,100)                                                                           C,78.74 H, 5.05 N,16.20                                                            78.59  5.20 16.10                 125                                                                               CH.sub.3 OCH.sub.2                                                                        3.1  toluene-hexane                                                                          96-5-97.5                                                                            312(10,600)                                                                           C,67.59                                                                            67.04                                                                      H, 5.20                                                                             5.17                                                                      N,19.71                                                                            19.93                             126                                                                                ##STR101##                                                                               14.5 ethanol  146.5-148.5                                                                          314(10,400)                                                                           C,74.17 H, 4.76 N,15.26                                                            74.28  4.61 15.09                 127                                                                                ##STR102##                                                                               37.2 benzene  164-167                                                                              286(10,500)                                                                           C,79.68 H, 4.83 N,15.49                                                            80.38  4.91 15.12                 128                                                                                ##STR103##                                                                               17.9 hexane   106.5-107.5                                                                          310(11,500)                                                                           C,75.31 H, 5.87 N,18.82                                                             75.32  5.84 18.75                129                                                                                ##STR104##                                                                               2.0  hexane   119-120.5                                                                            311(11,400)                                                                           C,76.46 H, 6.82 N,16.72                                                            76.65  6.76 16.58                 130                                                                                ##STR105##                                                                               0.8  isopropyl ether                                                                         133-135                                                                              312(11,700)                                                                           C,77.39 H, 5.60 N,16.92                                                            77.20  6.13 16.76                 __________________________________________________________________________      Notes:-                                                                        .sup.a A.M.Siminov and I.G.Urykina, Khim. Geterot Soedin.,7,570(1971)          report this compound has an mp of 124° with                             λ.sub.max..sup.MeOH (Am) = 315 (10,700).                                .sup.b Purified by sublimation at 90°/0.15 mm Pressure.                 .sup.c Purified by distillation at 174- 184°/0.40 mm P.           

4-Arylimidazo[1,2-a]quinoxalines (Table VI) were prepared and isolated according to the general method described for the 4-alkylimidazo[1,2-a]quinoxalines, except as noted in Table VI.

                                      TABLE VI                                     __________________________________________________________________________      ##STR106##                                                                    4-Arylimidazo{1,2-a}quinoxalines                                                                    %   Crystallization       Analysis                        No.                                                                                Ar               Yield                                                                              Solvent   m.p.°C.                                                                       λmax.(Am)                                                                     Calc'd                                                                             Found                       __________________________________________________________________________     131                                                                                ##STR107##       34.8                                                                               benzene   145-147                                                                              328(14,100)                                                                          C,78.35 H, 4.52 N,17.13                                                            78.70  4.38 16.90           132                                                                                ##STR108##       37.2                                                                               toluene- isopropanol                                                                     149-150.5                                                                            334(22,650)                                                                          C,78.74 H, 5.05 N,16.20                                                            78.89  5.08 16.27           133                                                                                ##STR109##       35.9                                                                               isopropanol- isopropyl ether                                                             112-114                                                                              329(15,400)                                                                          C,78.74 H, 5.05 N,16.20                                                            78.53  5.19 16.20           134                                                                                ##STR110##       47.1                                                                               isopropanol                                                                              119-120                                                                              329(18,100)                                                                          C,78.74 H, 5.05 N,16.20                                                            78.32  4.73 15.93           135                                                                                ##STR111##       37.8                                                                               isopropanol                                                                              136-137                                                                              331(27,780)                                                                          C,82.22 H, 4.70 N,13.07                                                            82.06  4.38 12.89           136                                                                                ##STR112##       47.0                                                                               isooctane 112-113                                                                              332(10,411)                                                                          C,65.18 H, 3.22 N,13.41                                                            65.03  3.10 13.62           137                                                                                ##STR113##       56.7                                                                               hexanes   105-107                                                                              329(20,354)                                                                          C,79.70 H, 6.35 N,13.94                                                            79.59  6.58 13.84           138                                                                                ##STR114##       37.2                                                                               isopropanol- toluene                                                                     149-150.5                                                                            334(22,650)                                                                          C,74.17 H, 4.76 N,15.26                                                            74.18  4.79 15.33           139                                                                                ##STR115##       51.5                                                                               isopropanol                                                                              136-138                                                                              329(16,600)                                                                          C,70.81 H, 4.95 N,13.76                                                            70.61   5.06 13.56          140                                                                                ##STR116##       31.5                                                                               ethanol   173-175                                                                              328(16,280)                                                                          C,68.70 H, 3.60 N,15.02                                                            69.06  3.28 15.08           141                                                                                ##STR117##       6.8 benzene- hexanes                                                                         166-168                                                                              331(10,300)                                                                          C,68.70 H, 3.60 N,15.02                                                            68.77  3.48 14.87           142                                                                                ##STR118##       35.2                                                                               isopropanol                                                                              133-134                                                                              330(14,000)                                                                          C,68.70 H, 3.60 N,15.02                                                            68.43  3.45 14.89           143                                                                                ##STR119##       61.9                                                                               toluene   215-217.5                                                                            333(16,530)                                                                          C,61.16 H, 2.89 N,13.37                                                            60.94  2.82 13.50           144                                                                                ##STR120##       3.4 carbon tetra- chloride                                                                   168-170                                                                              321(13,030)                                                                          C,61.17 H, 2.89 N,13.37                                                            60.61  2.85 13.57           145                                                                                ##STR121##       24.1                                                                               dimethylformamide- water                                                                 161.5-164.5                                                                          319(10,200)                                                                          C,59.28 H, 3.11 N,12.96                                                            58.75  3.03 12.90           146                                                                                ##STR122##       13.4                                                                               dimethylformamide- water                                                                 172   329(12,900)                                                                          C,59.28 H, 3.11 N,12.96                                                            59.34  3.13 13.23           147                                                                                ##STR123##       39.1                                                                               isopropanol                                                                              183-185                                                                              328(14,500)                                                                          C,72.99 H, 3.83 N,15.96                                                            73.00  4.06 15.77           148                                                                                ##STR124##       15.0                                                                               ethanol   190-192                                                                              222(48,000)                                                                          C,70.58 H, 3.83 N,14.52                                                            70.54  3.71 14.67           149                                                                                ##STR125##       53.3                                                                               dimethylformamide- water                                                                 257.5-259.5                                                                          335(14,900)                                                                          C,75.54 H, 3.73 N,20.73                                                            75.15  3.85 20.66           150                                                                                ##STR126##       59.8                                                                               2-ethoxyethanol                                                                          220.5-222.5                                                                          333(13,850)                                                                          C,66.20 H, 3.47 N,19.30                                                            66.10  3.48 19.53           151                                                                                ##STR127##       40.3                                                                               toluene   249-252                                                                              346(15,269)                                                                          C,66.20 H, 3.47 N,19.30                                                            66.10  3.44 19.28           152                                                                                ##STR128##       52.5                                                                               dimethylformamide                                                                        283-285                                                                              340(10,880)                                                                          C,57.30 H, 2.71 N,20.89                                                            57.08  2.74 21.11           153                                                                                ##STR129##       75.7                                                                               dimethylformamide- water                                                                 198-199.5                                                                            369(23,470)                                                                          C,73.83 H, 4.65 N,21.53                                                            73.48  4.69 21.54           154                                                                                ##STR130##       61.9                                                                               dimethylformamide- water                                                                 130-133                                                                              326(14,830)                                                                          C,73.83 H, 4.65 N,21.53                                                            73.56  4.78 21.69           155                                                                                ##STR131##       58.0                                                                               ethylacetate- hexane                                                                     214-217                                                                              342(27,700)                                                                          C,68.88 H, 4.66 N,17.85                                                            68.46  4.99 17.76           156                                                                                ##STR132##       13.9                                                                               dimethylformamide- water                                                                 237.5-240                                                                            345(32,350)                                                                          C,68.24 H, 3.90 N,13.84                                                            68.54  3.90 14.00           173                                                                                ##STR133##       32.3                                                                               ethanol   155-157                                                                              321(13,090)                                                                          C,72.99 H, 3.83 N,15.96                                                            72.44  3/83 16.14           157                                                                                ##STR134##       56.6                                                                               dimethylformamide- water                                                                 134.5-136                                                                            332(14,260)                                                                          C,59.28 H, 3.11 N,12.96                                                            59.25  3.04 13.11           158                                                                                ##STR135##       47.5                                                                               dimethylformamide- water                                                                 132.5-134                                                                            330(13,970)                                                                          C,72.99 H, 3.83 N,15.96                                                            73.00  3.79 15.84           159                                                                                ##STR136##       52.7                                                                               ethanol   113-114.5                                                                            329(16,500)                                                                          C,74.17 H, 4.76 N,15.26                                                            74.09  4.71 15.05           160                                                                                ##STR137##       10.62                                                                              chloroform                                                                               159-161.5                                                                            323(15,290)                                                                          C,81.34 H, 4.43 N,14.23                                                            81.29  4.41 14.22           161                                                                                ##STR138##       43.2                                                                               benzene   154.5-156.5                                                                          340(21,800)                                                                          C,81.34 H, 4.44 N,14.23                                                            81.19  4.57 13.92           162                                                                                ##STR139##       25.4                                                                               isopropanol                                                                              210-215                                                                              343(23,800)                                                                          C,68.81 H, 4.69 N,15.04                                                            68.99  4.63 14.92           163                                                                                ##STR140##       84.2                                                                               ethanol   158-160                                                                              333(14,950)                                                                          C,71.28 H, 4.32 N,13.85                                                            71.31  4.44 13.85           164                                                                                ##STR141##       80.3                                                                               ethanol   116-118                                                                              335(15,100)                                                                          C,72.49 H, 5.17 12.68                                                              72.38  5.42 12.36           165                                                                                ##STR142##       62.6                                                                               ethanol   90.5-93.5                                                                            335(15,100)                                                                          C,75.15 H, 7.03 N,10.11                                                            74.87  7.16  9.94           166                                                                                ##STR143##       45.85                                                                              chloroform                                                                               154-155.5                                                                            344(27,240)                                                                          C,76.38 H, 8.51 N,11.14                                                            76.58  8.35 10.81           193                                                                                ##STR144##       29.80                                                                              ethanol   150-152                                                                              342(22,900)                                                                          C,74.72 H, 5.23 N,14.52                                                            74.37  5.17 14.33           196                                                                                ##STR145##       8.2 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 178-181                                                                              330(27,300)                                                                          C,51.77 H, 2.72 N,11.32                                                            51.89  2.68 11.46           219                                                                                ##STR146##       37.1                                                                               toluene   151.5-153.5                                                                          333(21,000)                                                                          C,78.32 H, 4.48 N,12.45                                                            78.32  4.63 12.22           220                                                                                ##STR147##       35.1                                                                               benzene   151.5-153.5                                                                          337(22,200)                                                                          C,75.19 H, 4.66 N,11.44                                                            75.42  4.58 11.46           221                                                                                ##STR148##       33.3                                                                               ethanol-water                                                                            >300°                                                                         343(22,700)                                                                          C,72.92 H, 4.45 N,11.60                                                            73.21  4.31 11.74           222                                                                                ##STR149##       28.2                                                                               ethanol   83-85 348(24,600)                                                                           C,72.04 H, 5.74 N,12.60                                                           71.64  5.68 12.62           194                                                                                ##STR150##       22.6                                                                               toluene   164-165.5                                                                            339(19,400)                                                                          C,68.05 H, 5.11 N,12.53                                                            67.70  5.03 12.32           __________________________________________________________________________      Notes To Table VI:                                                             .sup.a U.S. Pat. No. 3,887,566 describes this compound as having a m.p. o      154°-157° C.                                                     .sup.b Prepared by refluxing equimolar amounts of the                          2aminophenylimidazole and phthalic anlydride in toluene for one and            onehalf hours. Upon cooling, the product separated out of solution.            .sup.c Prepared by catalytic hydrogenation with 10% palladium on carbon o      a dimethylformamide solution of the nitro analog; crude product                precipitated with water.                                                       .sup.d Prepared by treating compound 153 in pyridine with the appropriate      acid chloride followed by precipitation with water.                            .sup.e Prepared by HI cleavage of compound No. 138.                            .sup.f Prepared by treating the lithium salt of compound No. 162 with the      appropiate acid chloride in DMF followed by precipitation with water.          .sup.g Prepared by treating compound No. 151 with the appropriate              nucleophile according to the method of Kornblum et al, J. Org. Chem., 41,      1560(1976).                                                                    .sup.h Prepared by HI cleavage of compound 220.                          

The 4-Alkylaminoimidazo[1,2-a]quinoxalines (Table VII) were prepared by treating the corresponding alkylureylenes (Table III) with phosphorous oxychloride and pyridine during one-half hour at reflux temperatures. The reaction mixture was poured into cold water and the excess pyridine was removed by azeotropic distillation. The crude product was dissolved in chloroform and pass through an alumina columa. After evaporation of the chloroform, the solid was crystallized from the indicated solvent and obtained in the indicated yield.

                                      TABLE VII                                    __________________________________________________________________________      ##STR151##                                                                    4-Alkylaminoimidazo{1,2-a}quinoxalines                                                     %   Crystallization     Analysis                                   No.                                                                               R        Yield                                                                              Solvent m.p.°C.                                                                       λmax.(Λm)                                                              Calc'd                                                                             Found                                  __________________________________________________________________________     167                                                                                ##STR152##                                                                             4.89                                                                               hexane  98.5-101.5                                                                           335(11,700)                                                                          C,72.15 H, 6.81 N,21.04                                                            72.02  6.75 20.81                      168                                                                               CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.2                                                      28.33                                                                              isopropyl ether                                                                        102-104                                                                              332(11,480)                                                                          C,69.97                                                                            70.12                                                                      H, 6.71                                                                             6.71                                                                      N,23.31                                                                            23.21                                  169                                                                               CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.2                                                               7.5 isopropyl ether                                                                        72-74 317(15,800)                                                                          C,69.00                                                                            69.14                                                                      H, 6.24                                                                             6.35                                                                      N,24.76                                                                            24.60                                  __________________________________________________________________________

4-Arylaminoimidazo[1,2-a]quinoxalines (Table VIII) were prepared by treating the corresponding arylureylenes (Table IV) with an equimolar amount of phosphorous oxychloride in refluxing pyridine during one hour. The cooled reaction mixture was stirred into cold water, and the crude solid which separated was dissolved in chloroform, dried and passed through an alumina column. The chloroform was evaporated and the crude solid was crystallized as indicated in Table VIII.

                                      TABLE VIII                                   __________________________________________________________________________      ##STR153##                                                                    4-Arylamino{1,2-a}quinoxalines                                                                    %    Crystallization       Analysis                         No.                                                                               Ar              Yield                                                                               Solvent   m.p.°C.                                                                       λmax.(Am)                                                                     Calc'd                                                                             Found                        __________________________________________________________________________     170                                                                                ##STR154##     7.2  ethanol-water                                                                            120-123                                                                              304(13,800)                                                                          C,72.57 H, 4.76 N,21.16                                                            72.67  4.71 20.88            171                                                                                ##STR155##     13.1 methanol- chloroform                                                                     151   334(20,700)                                                                          C,74.43 H, 5.14 N,20.42                                                            74.16  5.06 20.09            172                                                                                ##STR156##     11.7 methanol- chloroform                                                                     153-155                                                                              330(20,200)                                                                          C,74.43 H, 5.14                                                                    73.23  5.26 20.02            174                                                                                ##STR157##     13.6 methanol- chloroform                                                                     176.5-178                                                                            330(22,200)                                                                          C,65.26 H, 3.75 N,19.02                                                            65.04  3.77 18.91            175                                                                                ##STR158##     10.9 methanol- chloroform                                                                     178.5-180.5                                                                          344(33,600)                                                                          C,58.38 H, 3.06 N,17.02                                                            58.15  3.06 17.09            176                                                                                ##STR159##     18.2 toluene- chloroform                                                                      193.5-195                                                                            332(4,500)                                                                           C,49.76 H,                                                                         49.72  3.10 14.39            177                                                                                ##STR160##     11.5 ethanol   196.5-198.5                                                                          324(16,600)                                                                          C,56.66 H, 3.27 N,16.52                                                            56.69  3.24 16.43            178                                                                                ##STR161##     15.0 methanol- chloroform                                                                     184-185.5                                                                            329(24,100)                                                                          C,56.66 H, 3.27 N,16.52                                                            56.26  3.20 16.54            179                                                                                ##STR162##     10.52                                                                               dimethylformamide water                                                                  122-124                                                                              343(19,600)                                                                           C,63.27 H, 3.98 N,18.45                                                           62.94  4.19 18.58            180                                                                                ##STR163##     13.0 ethanol-dimethyl- formamide                                                              139   339(19,810)                                                                          C,69.05 H, 3.98 N,20.13                                                            68.88  4.02 20.13            181                                                                                ##STR164##     9.4  isopropanol                                                                              148.5-149.5                                                                          343(20,230)                                                                          C,69.05 H, 3.98 N,20.13                                                            68.92  4.00 20.14            182                                                                                ##STR165##     3.1  isopropanol                                                                              139.5-141                                                                            331(18,030)                                                                          C,69.05 H, 3.98 N,20.13                                                            68.50  3.92 19.86            183                                                                                ##STR166##     16.58                                                                               dimethylformamide- water                                                                 166-168.5                                                                            347(21,730)                                                                          C,56.66 H, 3.27 N,16.52                                                            56.31  3.25 16.56            184                                                                                ##STR167##     11.4 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 207-209                                                                              366(22,410)                                                                          C,70.33 H, 4.86 N,19.30                                                            70.61  5.11 19.11            185                                                                                ##STR168##     8.3  dimethylformamide- water                                                                 116.5-117.5                                                                          335(21,820)                                                                          C,70.33 H, 4.86 N,19.30                                                            70.16   5.28 19.31           186                                                                                ##STR169##     14.12                                                                               dimethylformamide- water                                                                 147-149                                                                              339(18,540)                                                                          C,70.33 H, 4.86 N,19.30                                                            70.14  4.98 19.09            187                                                                                ##STR170##     2.0  isopropanol-dimethyl- formamide                                                          195-197                                                                              341(20,370)                                                                          C,60.28 H, 3.95 N,21.97                                                            60.21  3.88 21.63            188                                                                                ##STR171##     36.4 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 241-243.5                                                                            400(8,960)                                                                           C,62.95 H, 3.63 N,22.94                                                            62.62  3.63 22.68            189                                                                                ##STR172##     33.1 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 323-324.5                                                                            368(23,670)                                                                          C,62.95 H, 3.63 N,22.94                                                            62.73  3.73 22.81            195                                                                                ##STR173##     11.61                                                                               dimethylformamide- water                                                                 138.5-141                                                                            335(22,900)                                                                          C,74.99 H, 4.58 N,15.90                                                            75.02  4.66 75.02            197                                                                                ##STR174##     5.52 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 143-145                                                                              330(18,000)                                                                          C,74.43  H, 5.15 N,20.42                                                           74.63  5.16 20.09            199                                                                                ##STR175##     15.29                                                                               dimethylformamide- water                                                                  81-83                                                                               333(20,800)                                                                          C,73.83 H, 5.51 N,19.13                                                            73.87  5.49 18.88            200                                                                                ##STR176##     13.81                                                                               dimethylformamide- water                                                                 124.5-127                                                                            335(23,200)                                                                          C,73.83 H, 5.51 N,19.13                                                            74.14  5.47 19.02            201                                                                                ##STR177##     16.96                                                                               isopropanol- water                                                                        89.5-91.5                                                                           335(21,000)                                                                          C,73.83 H, 5.51 N,19.13                                                            74.14  5.47 19.02            202                                                                                ##STR178##     11.50                                                                               methanol- chloroform                                                                     187-190                                                                              342(24,200)                                                                          C,76.29 H, 4.56 N,17.80                                                            76.58  4.52 17.58            203                                                                                ##STR179##     12.50                                                                               dimethylformamide- water                                                                 120.5- 123                                                                           340(20,300)                                                                          C,68.99 H, 5.15 N,17.88                                                            68.32  5.32 17.61            204                                                                                ##STR180##     21.39                                                                               dimethylformamide- water                                                                 102.5-107                                                                            340(19,600)                                                                          C,62.20 H, 3.38 N,17.07                                                            61.56  3.34 17.46            205                                                                                ##STR181##     8.5  dimethylformamide- water                                                                  90-97                                                                               341(26,400)                                                                          C,65.68 H, 4.62 N,18.02                                                            65.56  4.57 17.88            206                                                                                ##STR182##     21.39                                                                               dimethylformamide- water                                                                 129-130                                                                              347(20,300)                                                                          C,62.20 H, 3.38 N,17.07                                                            61.56  3.34 17.46            207                                                                                ##STR183##     11.49                                                                               dimethylformamide- water                                                                 178.5-179.5                                                                          324(25,500)                                                                          C,56.29 H, 2.78 N,15.45                                                            55.86  2.72 15.37            208                                                                                ##STR184##     7.52 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 172.5-173.5                                                                          345(24,900)                                                                          C,56.29 H, 2.78 N,15.45                                                             56.13  2.72 15.35           209                                                                                ##STR185##     15.18                                                                               dimethylformamide- water                                                                 170-172                                                                              332(23,800)                                                                          C,65.18 H, 4.18 N,17.89                                                            65.35  4.15 17.91            210                                                                                ##STR186##     13.56                                                                               dimethylformamide- water                                                                 171.5-173                                                                            337(17,300)                                                                          C,64.86 H, 3.40 N,18.91                                                            64.92  3.51 19.09            211                                                                                ##STR187##     10.78                                                                               dimethylformamide- water                                                                 259.5-261.5                                                                          342(23,200)                                                                          C,56.82 H, 3.28 N,16.57                                                            56.76  3.07 16.57            212                                                                                ##STR188##     7.22 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 198-200                                                                              343(18,400)                                                                          C,61.45 H, 3.22 N,17.92                                                            61.35  3.27 17.81            213                                                                                ##STR189##     3.04 methanol-chloroform                                                                      229-231                                                                              341(19,900)                                                                          C,58.63  H, 3.15 N,21.36                                                           58.50  3.06 21.20            214                                                                                ##STR190##     4.18 methanol-chloroform                                                                      168-170                                                                              344(21,400)                                                                          C,63.06 H, 4.12 N,21.63                                                            62.97  4.08 21.34            215                                                                                ##STR191##     19.43                                                                               dimethylformamide- water                                                                 271-273                                                                              346(19,600)                                                                          C,56.57 H, 2.97 N,20.61                                                            56.44  2.90 20.51            216                                                                                ##STR192##     5.96 dimethylformamide- water                                                                 224-226.5                                                                            349(34,700)                                                                          C,70.48 H, 3.91 N,24.17                                                            70.89  3.94 24.09            218                                                                                ##STR193##     2.31 isopropanol                                                                              95-96.5                                                                              --    C,75.47 H, 6.00 N,18.53                                                            75.08  6.34 18.53            __________________________________________________________________________

Various compounds of this invention display antifungal and anti-yeast activity. Thus, for example, they have been found to be effective against such organisms as Candida albicans (ATCC No. 10231), Candida tropicalis, Aspergillus niger (ATCC No. 16404), Trichophyton mentagrophytes (ATCC No. 8757 and 9129), Trichophyton rubrum (ATCC No. 10218 and 14001) and Trichophyton ajelloi.

The antifungal activity of compounds of this invention indicate their usefulness against dermatomycosis such as tinea capitis, tinea favosa, tinea barbae, tinea corporis, tinea imbricata, tinea cruris, tinea pedis, tinea manus, tinea unquium and various types of candidiasis such as glossitis, stomatitis, chelitis, perleche, vaginitis and balanitis.

When the compounds of the present invention are used for antifungal medical purposes, they will usually be incorporated in a suitable pharmaceutical carrier. These antifungal preparations may take the form of solutions, lotions, creams, ointments, etc. The quantity of antifungal agent of this invention that will be contained in such preparations may vary somewhat. Ordinarily, however, it will constitute about 0.5% to 10.0% by weight based on the total weight of the preparation.

In Table IX below are listed the antifungal activity of a number of compounds encompassed in the present invention. These were determined by the agar dilution method as described in Chapters 2 and 3 of Methods in Microbiology, Vol. 7B, edited by J. R. Norris and D. W. Ribbons, Academic Press, New York, 1972.

                  TABLE IX                                                         ______________________________________                                         Antifungal Activity                                                            Parts Per Million Inhibitions of                                               Fungus and Yeast Species                                                       Com-                                T.                                         pound C.       C.       A.    T.    menta- T.                                  No.   albicans tropicalis                                                                              niger ajelloi                                                                              grophytes                                                                             rubrum                              ______________________________________                                         20                            100   100                                        136                                 100                                        40    100      100            100   100                                        35                            100   16                                         39                            100   100                                        133   100      100            8     8      8                                   134                           100   16                                         139                                 100                                        137                           100   100                                        135                           100   100                                        142                                 100                                        132                           100   100                                        138                           100   100                                        130   100      100            100   100                                        113   100      100                  100                                        9                                   16     16                                  10                                  16     16                                  116                                 16     16                                  127                                 16     16                                  109                                 128    32                                  114                                 16     1                                   118                                 256    4                                   123                                        2                                   131                                 16     2                                   140                                        <0.5                                151                                        1                                   119                                        8                                   120                                        1                                   8                                   8      8                                   16                                  4      2                                   110                     128         128    64                                  122                                        32                                  112                                 128    64                                  153            100                                                             124   100      100            100   100    8                                   58                            100   100    100                                 59                                         100                                 62                            100   100    100                                 126                           100   100    100                                 145                           100   100    100                                 159                           100   100    100                                 160                           100   100    100                                 163                           100   100    100                                 164                           100   100    100                                 165                           100   100    100                                 167                           100   100    100                                 168                           100   100    100                                 169                           100   100    100                                 173                           100   100    100                                 179                           100   100    100                                 182                                        100                                 184                           100   100    100                                 185                           100   100    100                                 186                           100   100    100                                 189                           100          100                                 187                           100          100                                 128                                        16                                  129                           16    16     8                                   ______________________________________                                    

A number of the compounds encompassed in the present invention have been found to have immunosuppressant action. Of those tested, most of these are of the 4-substituted imidazo[1,2-a]quinoxaline type described in formula I above, although a couple are of the 1-(2-acylaminophenyl)imidazole type shown in formula II. Because they exhibit this activity, they are indicated for use in the treatment of those diseases that the prior art recognizes may be helped by the administration of immunosuppressants. These include such conditions as: glomerulonephritis, serum sickness, organ transplant, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosis, ulcerative colitis, chronic active hepatitis, multiple sclerosis, heterografts or homografts in burns, psoriatic arthritis, urticaria, respiratory allergies, i.e. asthma, hayfever; scleraclerma, mycosis fungoides, dermatomyositis, psoriasis and contact dermatitis (including poison ivy).

The dosage level for administering the immunosuppressants of the present invention will vary with the particular compound that is to be administered. In general, this will be at about the same level of the prior art immunosuppressants. For the most part, when the present immunosuppressants are administered orally or intraveneously, the daily dose would be in the range of about 0.1 mg. to 15 mg./per kilogram of body weight. When other mode of administration are employed, e.g. depot injections, implants, etc. the dose may be considerably higher i.e. up to about 100 mg./kg of body weight in a single injection.

The immunosuppressant activities of the compounds of this invention were determined via the hemolysin test in mice and by the delayed hypersensitivity test. The hemolysin test used is that described in Methods in Immunology, edited by D. H. Campbell et al, W. A. Benjamin, New York 1963 pages 172-175, and measures humeral or antibody response. The delayed hypersensitivity test measures the effect of a test compound on the ability of a subject mouse to mount a cell-mediated immune response to the antigen, Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra. The mouse is sensitized to the antigen by subcutaneous administration in the base of the tail. The development of the delayed hypersensitivity response may be measured at any time beginning six days after sensitization but is usually done on the ninth day as follows: The right hind paw is injected with purified protein derivative (tuberculin) while the left hind paw (control) receives physiological saline. Both paw volumes are measured after twenty-four hours and significant increase in the volume of the right hind paw is taken as a measure of an effective delayed hypersensitivity response. All compounds were administered by the subcutaneous route.

The results of these studies are summarized in Table X below. The expression HL(ED₅₀) mg./kg. s.c. is an expression of the number of milligrams per kilogram of body weight of the drug administered subcutaneously required to reduce the antibody activity by 50% when compared with a control. In this case, the lower the HL(ED₅₀) value for a drug the more effective immunosuppressant it is.

The D.H.S. (ED₆₀) mg./kg. s.c. value appearing in column 3 is an expression of the effectiveness of the drug in reducing the edema that accompanies the cell-mediated immune response. It is a measure of the number of milligrams per kilogram of body weight of the drug administered subcutaneously which is required to reduce the edema of the cell-mediated immune response by 60% when compared to the control. Again, the lower the D.H.S. (ED₆₀) value the more effective is the drug as an immunosuppressant for the cell-mediate immune response.

                  TABLE X                                                          ______________________________________                                         Compound    HL(ED.sub.50)                                                                               D.H.S. (ED.sub.60)                                    No.         mg/kg,s.c.   mg/kg,s.c.                                            ______________________________________                                         151         0.3          1.52                                                  140         0.26         1.15                                                  131         18           81                                                    116         >50          56                                                    117         >50          46                                                    118         >50          43                                                    109         >50          >50                                                   110         --           50                                                     3          50           50                                                     66         46           >50                                                   147         0.027        1.7                                                   134         0.5          7.2                                                   137         <0.125       3.2                                                   135         0.033        0.22                                                  142         0.20         4.2                                                   136         2.7          >50                                                   133         0.75         32                                                    139         3.0          >50                                                   138         0.72         27                                                    127         >50          36                                                    170         6.6          >50                                                   150         22           >50                                                   143         0.36         1.3                                                   174         0.61         8.0                                                   171         0.96         59.0                                                  175         0.09         5.9                                                   178         11.0         46.0                                                  196         0.42         45.0                                                  197         1.6          37                                                     3          50.0         50.0                                                  169         46           >50.0                                                 146         0.11         3.1                                                   153         1.2          5.7                                                   149         0.16         8.8                                                   126         35.0         >50.0                                                 177         13.0         >50.0                                                 182         1.1          --                                                    162         13.0         --                                                    173         --           40                                                    159         3.0          27                                                    181         16.0         --                                                    180         5.6          --                                                    183         0.39         15                                                    158         1.0          7.6                                                   157         0.39         12                                                    218         1.5          25                                                    219         2.5          >32                                                   220         2.3          11                                                    222         1.0          >32                                                   ______________________________________                                          >50 means that it would take more than 50 mg./kg. of drug to reduce the        humeral antibody activity by 50% or to reduce edema of the cell mediated       immune response by 60%. Since these values are higher than is of practica      interest from a clinical point of view, no further testing was done for        these materials.                                                         

A number of compounds encompassed in the present invention display non-steroidal anti-inflammatory properties. This appears to be generally the case for the 4-substituted imidazo[1,2-a]quinoxalines of formula 1 above and the 1-(2-acylaminophenyl)imidazoles of formula II. Because of this characteristic, they are indicated for use in the treatment of diseases that the prior art recognizes may be helped by the administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory compounds. These include such conditions as ichthyosis, psoriasis, alopecia, atopic eczemas, etc.

The dosage level for administering the anti-inflammatory agents of the present invention may vary somewhat depending on the particular drug selected, the disease being treated and the mode of administration. In general, however, when used for topical application, the compounds are distributed in a pharmaceutical vehicle suitable for topical application. In these compositions, the anti-inflammatory agent of this invention will comprise about 0.5% to 15.0% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

The anti-inflammatory agents of the present invention may also be administered orally, intraveneously, subcutaneously, intramuscularly, and intradermally. In these cases, the daily dosage will be in the range of from 0.5 mg. to 20 mg. per kilogram of body weight of the active anti-inflammatory agents of this invention.

Compounds of the present invention were screened in the carrageenin-induced paw edema test in the rat. Acetylsalicylic acid was included in the study for reference comparison.

The method employed was the carrageenin edema test [Winter, C. A., Risley, E. A. and Nuss, G. W., Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. Med. 111:544(1962) and Halperin, B. N. and Briot, M., Arch Int. Pharmacody N. 82:247(1950)].

Male Charles River Rats weighing 145 to 180 g. were employed in the study. Food was withheld for 18 hours before the start of the test, while water was withheld only during the test. Experimental drugs with the desired dose in 3 ml. distilled water (Tween 80)/100 g. body weight were administered orally as suspensions by stomach tube. Control animals, those not receiving drugs, were given the same volume of vehicle by the same route of administration. To induce inflammation, the rear paw was injected into the plantar surface with 0.1 ml. of a 1% carrageenin solution in 0.9% saline. The right paw was also injected with 0.1 ml. of a 0.9% saline solution. At the time of sacrifice, the animals were killed by chloroform. The hind paws were rapidly amputated at tarsocrural joint and weighed on an analytical balance. In all cases the drugs were administered one hour before the paw injections and the sacrifice was performed three hours after the carrageenin injection. The difference in weight (g/100 b.w.) between the carrageenin and the saline injected paws was recorded as the degree of edema.

A comparison of the effectiveness of the test compounds and the standard reference agent, acetylsalicylic acid, in inhibiting edema resulting from the injection of carrageenin is recorded in the following Table XI.

It should be noted that ED30 refers to that dose which inhibits carrageenin-induced paw edema in 30% of the animals in the test group.

                                      TABLE XI                                     __________________________________________________________________________     Inhibition of Carrageenin-Induced Paw Edema in the Rat                          ##STR194##                                                                                   #                                                                        Dose  of Inhibition of Edema.sup.1                                                                 ED30.sup.4                                        R        (mg/kg po)                                                                           Rats                                                                              %    p.sup.2                                                                              (mg/kg)                                                                             Side-Effects Noted                           __________________________________________________________________________     CH.sub.3 128   6  42   <.01  40.0 1/6 died at 128                                       64    12 29   <.005      mg/kg; ptosis and                                     32    6  33   <.025      salivation at 128                                     16    6  28   <.001      and 64 mg/kg                                          8     6  12   N.S..sup.3                                              CF.sub.3 128   6  44   <.001 35.1 NONE                                                  64    6  39   <.001                                                            32    12 31   <.025                                                            16    6  29   <.005                                                            8     6  8    N.S.                                                    CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                              128   6  36   <.005 ˜128                                                                          Ptosis and saliva-                                    64    6  0    N.S.       tion at 128 mg/kg                            H        128   6  54   <.005 ˜100                                                                          1/6 died at 128                                       64    6  6    N.S.       mg/kg; ptosis and                                                              salivation at 128                                                              and 64 mg/kg                                 (CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH.sub.3                                                               128   6  23   N.S.  >128 NONE                                                  64    6  5    N.S.                                                    (CH.sub.2).sub.5 CH.sub.3                                                               128   6  27   <.05  ˜128                                                                          NONE                                                  64    6  0    N.S.                                                    (CH.sub.2).sub.7 CH.sub.3                                                               128   6  0    N.S.  >128 NONE                                         (CH.sub.2).sub.8 CH.sub.3                                                               128   6  0    N.S.  >128 NONE                                         (CH.sub.2).sub.16 CH.sub.3                                                              128   6  5    N.S.  >128 NONE                                                  64    6  0    N.S.                                                    (CH.sub.2).sub.14 CH.sub.3                                                              128   6  9    N.S.  >128 NONE                                         (CH.sub.2).sub.6 CH.sub.3                                                               128   6  0    N.S.  >128 NONE                                         CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                                       128   6  57   <.001 20.5 Ptosis and saliva-                                    64    6  41   <.001      tion at 128 and                                       32    6  40   <.01       64 mg/kg                                              16    6  32   <.001                                                            8     6  23   <.05                                                             4     6  6    N.S.                                                     ##STR195##                                                                             128 64 32 16                                                                         6 6 6 6                                                                           36 23 25 0                                                                          <.025 N.S. <.05 N.S.                                                                 ˜70                                                                           Ptosis and saliva- tion at 128, 64 and                                         32 mg/kg                                      ##STR196##                                                                             128   6  0    N.S.  >128 NONE                                          ##STR197##                                                                             128 64                                                                               6 6                                                                               64 0 <.001 N.S.                                                                           ˜100                                                                          Ptosis at 128 mg/kg                           ##STR198##                                                                             128 64                                                                               6 6                                                                               60 0 <.001 N.S.                                                                           ˜100                                                                          NONE                                          ##STR199##                                                                             128 64                                                                               6 6                                                                               0 0  N.S. N.S.                                                                            >128 NONE                                          ##STR200##                                                                             128   6  0    N.S.  >128 NONE                                         CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.3                                                                      128   6  32   <.005 ˜128                                                                          Loss of righting                                      64    6  1    N.S.       reflex at 128 mg/kg                                                            ptosis at 64 mg/kg                           ASPIRIN  256   12 62   <.001 59.5 NONE                                                  128   12 41   <.005                                                            64    12 32.5 <.025                                                            32    6  19   N.S.                                                    __________________________________________________________________________      .sup.1 Edema  the difference in weight between the carrageenintreated and      salinetreated paws                                                             .sup.2 The significance (p) was calculated in comparison with the              respective controls using Student's ttest.                                     .sup.3 N.S. indicates p >.05.                                                  .sup.4 Calculated from the doseresponse line.                            

As is clear from the results of Table XI, of the 19 compounds tested only three produced significant reductions of carrageenin-induced edema without attendant side effects, (viz. the compounds where --R are respectively --CH₃, --CF₃ and --CH₂ CH₃). Of these three compounds, only the compound wherein --R is --CF₃ (viz. the trifluoromethyl analog) did not produce any obvious untoward side effects.

An inspection of the structure-activity relationship of these compounds reveals that increasing the size of the substituents (position R) markedly reduces anti-inflammatory activity. Good anti-edema activity was observed with compounds possessing a side chain of one or two carbons in length; however, activity diminished rapidly as the chain length was increased above two carbons.

The compound wherein --R is --CH₂ CH₃ (viz. the ethyl analog) exhibited the strongest anti-edemic activity (approximately 3X acetylsalicylic acid) but its action was associated with side effects at about 3X its ED30. On the other hand, the trifluoromethyl analog exhibited about half the activity of the ethyl analog but did not produce any side effects even at a dose of 128 mg/kg. It is entirely unexpected and indeed surprising that substitution of fluorine for the hydrogen in the group at position 4 of imidazo(1,2-a)quinoxaline (viz. WP 421) results in a compound which not only retains anti-inflammatory activity but is also less toxic. Moreover, since the trifluoromethyl analog does not show side effects at several multiples of its ED30, the compound advantageously possesses a very good therapeutic index. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A method for treating inflammatory disorders in mammals which comprises administering to a mammal having an inflammatory disorder a therapeutically effective amount of 4-trifluoromethylimidazo[1,2-a]quinoxaline in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier therefor.
 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein said combination is topically administered and contains from about 0.5% to 15%, by weight, of said 4-trifluoromethylimidazo[1,2-a]quinoxaline.
 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein said 4-trifluoromethylimidazo[1,2-a]quinoxaline is administered in a daily dosage of from 0.5 mg. to 20 mg. per kilogram of body weight of said mammal.
 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein said administration is parenteral.
 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein said administration is oral.
 6. The method according to claim 3, wherein said administration is parenteral.
 7. The method according to claim 3, wherein said administration is oral. 